Answer:
The ones who see it may go blind, Contracting the fool's madness. You have to dig to find it, Crush big stones or mine it. Wash dirt clumps in a pan and wait for it to settle, A shiny, precious metal.
I have four wings but cannot fly. I never laugh and never cry. On the same spot always found, toiling away with little sound.
It's anything but amusing when this body part gets hit.
It is an arctic double breasted formal wear.
Until I am measured I am not known, Yet how you miss me when I have flown.
Sometimes I am white, sometimes I am dark. Most people love me. What am I?